Terms of Use

A reference drawn from public food composition databases and peer-reviewed research. Each statement carries an evidence grade saying how far it has actually been confirmed, and sources are linked so you can read the original.

The content here is for information. It does not replace diagnosis, treatment or prescription. Articles are written by the editorial team and are not individually reviewed by a qualified clinician.

Take decisions about your health with a medical professional, particularly if you take medication, are pregnant, or live with a condition. In an emergency, do not read this site — contact medical services immediately.

Figures are sourced and checked before publication, but we do not warrant that they are free of error. Database values vary with cultivar and processing, and research findings are sometimes overturned by later work.

If you find something that is wrong, tell us. We verify, correct the text and update the revision date.

The text, the translations and the photographs belong to this site. When quoting, name the source and link to it. Reproducing an article in whole or in substantial part is not permitted.

The content of the papers we cite and the figures in food composition databases belong to their original sources; this site only organises and relays them.

We link out to papers, health authorities and databases. We are not responsible for the content or operation of the sites we link to.

This site is funded by advertising and affiliate commission. Which benefits get written and how they are graded is decided independently of any advertising or sale. We do not drop a caution because there is a product to sell. The editorial policy sets this out in full.

To the extent the law allows, we accept no liability for outcomes arising from acting on this content. As set out above, make health decisions together with a medical professional.

When the content changes we update this page and the date above.